In today’s hyper-connected world, productivity has become a badge of honor. Workers pride themselves on responding to emails in minutes, attending back-to-back meetings, and juggling multiple projects at once. But is this real productivity? Or is it merely the illusion of work—what Cal Newport calls pseudo-productivity?

Pseudo-productivity is the trap of looking busy without achieving meaningful results. With the rise of AI, this phenomenon is not only continuing but accelerating at an unprecedented pace. In this article, we’ll explore the origins of pseudo-productivity, how AI is amplifying the illusion, and the dangerous parallels with the pseudo-true entrepreneur.

The Origins of Pseudo-Productivity: When Did It Begin?

Productivity wasn’t always so intangible. In the industrial era, productivity was measured by physical output—how many cars were assembled or how many garments were produced. But with the rise of the knowledge economy, work shifted to emails, documents, meetings, and strategy sessions—intangible outputs that are difficult to measure.

The digital revolution in the late 20th century brought email, instant messaging, and open offices, increasing the demand for constant responsiveness. Instead of focusing on deep, high-value work, employees became caught in a cycle of shallow tasks, mistaking activity for accomplishment.

Technology, meant to boost …